Why this topic is important for ECET?
In ECET, Industrial Management questions test your practical knowledge of industry practices. Productivity concepts are one of the most repeated topics because they deal with efficiency, output, and management of resources. A clear grip on these formulas and definitions ensures quick scoring in exams, as most questions are direct or formula-based.
📘 Concept Notes
🔹 What is Productivity?
- Productivity is the ratio of output to input.
- It shows how efficiently resources (men, machines, materials, money) are utilized.
Example:
- If a worker produces 100 units in 5 hours, productivity = 20 units/hour.
🔹 Types of Productivity
- Labor Productivity
Example: If 5 workers produce 500 parts in 50 hours → Labor productivity = 10 parts/hour. - Machine Productivity
Example: 2000 units produced using 100 machine hours → 20 units/hour. - Capital Productivity
Total Productivity
🔹 Factors Affecting Productivity
- Technology – Modern machines & automation → higher productivity.
- Skill of workers – Training improves efficiency.
- Materials management – Proper supply chain avoids delays.
- Work environment – Motivation, safety, and ergonomics.
- Management policies – Good planning reduces waste.
🔹 Measures to Improve Productivity
- Time study & work study.
- Better maintenance of machines.
- Motivation & incentives.
- Lean manufacturing (reduce waste).
- Use of CAD/CAM & automation.
⚙️ Formulas
🔟 10 MCQs
Q1. Productivity is defined as:
a) Input/Output
b) Output/Input
c) Output × Input
d) Input – Output
Q2. A worker produces 180 units in 9 hours. Find his productivity.
a) 10 units/hr
b) 20 units/hr
c) 25 units/hr
d) 15 units/hr
Q3. Which factor does not directly affect productivity?
a) Worker skill
b) Raw material quality
c) Machine maintenance
d) Shape of workshop roof
Q4. 5000 units are produced using 250 machine-hours. Machine productivity = ?
a) 10 units/hr
b) 20 units/hr
c) 25 units/hr
d) 15 units/hr
Q5. If 10 workers produce 400 parts in 20 hours, labor productivity per worker = ?
a) 1 part/hr
b) 2 parts/hr
c) 4 parts/hr
d) 20 parts/hr
Q6. Capital productivity is defined as:
a) Output/Man-hours
b) Output/Machine-hours
c) Output/Capital Invested
d) Output/Input
Q7. Which measure increases productivity?
a) Poor maintenance
b) Idle time
c) Work study
d) Low worker morale
Q8. In Total Productivity, denominator includes:
a) Only labor
b) Only machines
c) Only capital
d) Men + Machines + Materials + Money
Q9. 1200 units are produced using 60 man-hours. Labor productivity = ?
a) 10 units/hr
b) 15 units/hr
c) 20 units/hr
d) 25 units/hr
Q10. Which of the following is a qualitative factor affecting productivity?
a) Technology
b) Motivation
c) Raw material quality
d) Machine downtime
✅ Answer Key
| Q | Ans |
|---|---|
| 1 | b |
| 2 | b |
| 3 | d |
| 4 | b |
| 5 | b |
| 6 | c |
| 7 | c |
| 8 | d |
| 9 | c |
| 10 | b |
🧠 Explanations
- Q1: Productivity = Output/Input → (b).
- Q2: 180/9 = 20 units/hr → (b).
- Q3: Roof shape doesn’t affect productivity → (d).
- Q4: 5000/250 = 20 units/hr → (b).
- Q5: Total man-hours = 10×20 = 200 → 400/200 = 2 parts/hr → (b).
- Q6: Defined as Output/Capital → (c).
- Q7: Work study increases productivity → (c).
- Q8: Total productivity considers all inputs → (d).
- Q9: 1200/60 = 20 units/hr → (c).
- Q10: Motivation is qualitative (psychological) → (b).
🎯 Motivation / Why Practice Matters
In ECET 2026, Industrial Management questions are scoring boosters – usually simple, direct, and formula-based.
Practicing these problems helps you:
- Increase speed (quick formula recall).
- Avoid silly mistakes in units & ratios.
- Secure easy marks while saving time for tougher subjects.
Regular practice ensures you don’t lose marks on topics that should be guaranteed scores.
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