In the ECET 2026 exam, Chemistry plays a key role in general science scoring. One of the easiest yet scoring topics is “Acids, Bases & pH”, which appears frequently in both APECET and TSECET papers. Whether it’s understanding neutralization or predicting pH values, mastering this chapter helps students grab marks quickly. Let’s revise the concept in simple terms, followed by 10 well-structured MCQs for practice.
📘 Concept Notes – Acids, Bases & pH
🧪 Acids:
- Substances that release H⁺ ions in water.
- Taste sour.
- pH < 7.
- Turn blue litmus red.
- Examples: HCl, H₂SO₄, CH₃COOH
🧼 Bases:
- Substances that release OH⁻ ions in water.
- Taste bitter and feel slippery.
- pH > 7.
- Turn red litmus blue.
- Examples: NaOH, KOH, NH₄OH
🧬 pH Scale:
- pH stands for “potential of Hydrogen”.
- Scale ranges from 0 to 14.
- 0–6: Acidic
- 7: Neutral
- 8–14: Basic
- Universal Indicator shows pH level using color changes.
⚖️ Neutralization Reaction:
- When acid and base react → Salt + Water
- Example: HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
🔍 Key Concepts:
- Strong acid: Completely ionizes (e.g., HCl)
- Weak acid: Partially ionizes (e.g., CH₃COOH)
- Strong base: Completely dissociates (e.g., NaOH)
- Weak base: Partially dissociates (e.g., NH₄OH)
🔟 10 Most Expected MCQs – ECET 2026 [Acids, Bases & pH]
Q1. Which of the following is a strong acid?
A) CH₃COOH
B) HCl
C) H₂CO₃
D) HCN
Q2. What is the pH of a neutral solution?
A) 0
B) 7
C) 14
D) 10
Q3. Which of the following turns red litmus blue?
A) H₂SO₄
B) CH₃COOH
C) NaOH
D) HNO₃
Q4. Which ion is responsible for basicity?
A) H⁺
B) Cl⁻
C) OH⁻
D) Na⁺
Q5. A substance with pH = 3 is:
A) Strong acid
B) Weak base
C) Weak acid
D) Neutral
Q6. What type of reaction is NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O?
A) Oxidation
B) Reduction
C) Neutralization
D) Decomposition
Q7. Which one is a weak base?
A) NaOH
B) KOH
C) Ca(OH)₂
D) NH₄OH
Q8. Which solution has the highest hydrogen ion concentration?
A) pH = 2
B) pH = 7
C) pH = 9
D) pH = 14
Q9. What is formed when an acid reacts with a base?
A) Salt
B) Gas
C) Alcohol
D) Sugar
Q10. Universal indicator shows green color for:
A) Acid
B) Base
C) Neutral
D) Strong acid
✅ Answer Key Table
| Q.No | Answer |
|---|---|
| Q1 | B |
| Q2 | B |
| Q3 | C |
| Q4 | C |
| Q5 | A |
| Q6 | C |
| Q7 | D |
| Q8 | A |
| Q9 | A |
| Q10 | C |
🧠 Explanations of All Answers
- Q1 → B: HCl is a strong acid, completely ionizes in water.
- Q2 → B: A neutral solution always has pH = 7.
- Q3 → C: Bases like NaOH turn red litmus blue.
- Q4 → C: OH⁻ ions determine basicity of a solution.
- Q5 → A: pH = 3 implies a strong acidic solution.
- Q6 → C: Acid + base reaction = Neutralization.
- Q7 → D: NH₄OH is a weak base, partially ionizes.
- Q8 → A: Lower pH = Higher H⁺ concentration.
- Q9 → A: Acid + base always forms salt and water.
- Q10 → C: pH 7 is neutral → green in universal indicator.
🎯 Why This Practice Matters for ECET 2026
In ECET, every 1-mark general science question counts. This chapter is simple, scoring, and often repeated. Practicing MCQs with concept clarity ensures you never miss these easy marks. Especially useful in TSECET/APECET Chemistry, this topic is perfect for quick revision and confidence boosting before exams.
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