Day 37 – Evening Session: DBMS – SQL (SELECT, WHERE, ORDER BY) – ECET 2026

SQL is the backbone of Database Management Systems. In ECET 2026, queries from SELECT, WHERE, ORDER BY are most frequently asked. These are scoring because they are direct and example-based.

📘 Concept Notes

🔹 SQL SELECT Statement

Used to retrieve data from a database.

Syntax:

SELECT column1, column2, ...
FROM table_name;

SELECT column1, column2, ...
FROM table_name;

• * is used to select all columns.

Example:

SELECT * FROM Students;

SELECT * FROM Students;

Fetches all rows and columns from Students table.

🔹 SQL WHERE Clause

Used to filter records based on a condition.

Syntax:

SELECT column1, column2
FROM table_name
WHERE condition; 

SELECT column1, column2
FROM table_name
WHERE condition; 

Comparison Operators:

• → Equal
• or → Not Equal
• → Comparisons
• → Range
• → Match multiple values
• → Pattern matching (% for any chars, _ for single char)

Example:

SELECT Name, Marks
FROM Students
WHERE Marks >= 60; 

SELECT Name, Marks
FROM Students
WHERE Marks >= 60; 

🔹 SQL ORDER BY Clause

Used to sort results.

Syntax:

SELECT column1, column2
FROM table_name
ORDER BY column1 ASC|DESC; 

SELECT column1, column2
FROM table_name
ORDER BY column1 ASC|DESC; 

• ASC = Ascending (default)
• DESC = Descending

Example:

SELECT Name, Marks
FROM Students
ORDER BY Marks DESC; 

SELECT Name, Marks
FROM Students
ORDER BY Marks DESC; 

→ Displays students sorted by marks (highest first).

🔹 Combined Example

SELECT Name, Marks
FROM Students
WHERE Marks >= 60
ORDER BY Marks DESC;

SELECT Name, Marks
FROM Students
WHERE Marks >= 60
ORDER BY Marks DESC;

→ Fetches students with marks ≥ 60, sorted in descending order.

10 Expected MCQs – ECET 2026

Q1. Which SQL keyword is used to fetch data from a table?
A) GET
B) SELECT
C) RETRIEVE
D) SHOW

Q2. The * in SELECT statement means:
A) All rows
B) All columns
C) All tables
D) None

Q3. The WHERE clause is used for:
A) Sorting data
B) Filtering data
C) Inserting data
D) Deleting data

Q4. Which operator is used for pattern matching in SQL?
A) LIKE
B) MATCH
C) FIND
D) SEARCH

Q5. What does ORDER BY column DESC do?
A) Deletes records
B) Orders results in ascending
C) Orders results in descending
D) Filters results

Q6. Which clause appears first in a query?
A) ORDER BY
B) WHERE
C) SELECT
D) GROUP BY

Q7. To fetch students with marks between 50 and 80, correct condition is:
A) Marks > 50 AND Marks < 80
B) Marks BETWEEN 50 AND 80
C) Marks IN (50,80)
D) Marks LIKE ’50-80′

Q8. Which symbol is used as a wildcard for multiple characters in SQL LIKE?
A) _
B) %
C) #
D) *

Q9. In SQL, SELECT Name FROM Students WHERE Marks IN (60,70,80); means:
A) Only Marks = 60
B) Marks = 60 OR 70 OR 80
C) Marks between 60 and 80
D) All Marks

Q10. Which clause is used to sort the results in SQL?
A) SORT
B) GROUP
C) ORDER BY
D) RANK

✅ Answer Key

🧠 Explanations

• Q1 → B: SELECT is the correct keyword.
• Q2 → B: * means all columns.
• Q3 → B: WHERE filters rows.
• Q4 → A: LIKE is for pattern matching.
• Q5 → C: DESC = descending order.
• Q6 → C: Query always starts with SELECT.
• Q7 → B: BETWEEN 50 AND 80 includes both ends.
• Q8 → B: % matches multiple characters.
• Q9 → B: IN checks for multiple values.
• Q10 → C: ORDER BY sorts the results.

🎯 Why Practice Matters

• SQL query questions are repeated every year in ECET.
• Practicing syntax + examples ensures 2–3 easy marks.
• Understanding SELECT, WHERE, ORDER BY builds foundation for advanced SQL topics.

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